Dye-sensitized solar cells

Dye-sensitized solar cells attach a pigment to TiO2 particles and then soak them in an electrolyte. The pigment is irradiated by light and produces free electrons and holes. The free electrons are absorbed by TiO2, flow out of the electrode into the external circuit, pass through the electrical appliance, flow into the electrolyte, and finally return to the pigment. The manufacturing cost of dye-sensitized solar cells is very low, which makes it very competitive. Its energy conversion efficiency is about 12%.